Adjective:  (اسم صفت )

An adjective is a word that qualifies or describes a noun or pronoun.

Example:

  • He is a brave boy.
  • There are twenty boys in this class. 
  • He is ugly.
  • Zara is a clever girl. 
  • He gave me five mangoes.
  • This is a tall building..
  • He was a brave boy.
  • He is intelligent.
  • You are dull.


Kind of Adjective:

 The adjective has the following sub-kinds:



Adjective of quality:

It describes the characteristics (quality) of any noun or pronoun. 

Example:

  • He is an honest man. 
  • She is a kind girl.
  • The foolish old crow tried to sing.
  • He is an intelligent boy. 
  • Karachi is a large city. 
  • This is a Grammar in English.
  • He is an intelligent student.
  • They are very honest.


Adjective of Quantity:

It describes the quantity of a noun i.e. it shows how much of a thing is meant or It answers the question: How much or How many? 

Example:

  • There were many trees in the park.
  • She ate some rice. 
  • He showed much patience.
  • He has little intelligence.
  • You have no sense.
  • He did not eat any rice. 
  • Some boys are sitting in the class.
  • A few students were seen on the road.
  • Sufficient milk is present in the kitchen.
  • There's little water in the jug.



Adjective of Number (Numeral Adjective):

Show how many persons or things are meant. They are some numbers + Nouns.


Numeral adjectives are of three types. 

Definite:  refer to the exact number. It can be Ordinal (one, two, three etc.) or Cardinal (first second, third etc.)

For example:

1. I saw two boys in the class.
2. The second student was my relative. boys.
3. The first girl spoke the truth.

Indefinite: do not exact number e.g few, some, little, much, several, any, all, no, certain etc.


Example:

  • There were many trees in the park.
  • She ate some rice. 
  • He showed much patience.
  • He has little intelligence.
  • You have no sense.
  • He did not eat any rice.

Distributive: refers to each one of a number e.g. each, every either neither etc.


For example:

1. Each boy visited us.
2. Either member is responsible.
3. All the students were present in the class.




Adjective of Origin (Proper Adjectives):

It describes where someone or something comes from. These are the adjectives which come with a proper noun.

Example: (Punjabi, Pathan, Sindhi, American, Turkish, etc.  )

  • Maha is a Pakistani girl.
  • The Pakistani people are hardworking.
  • The Russian girls won the match.




Adjective of Shape:

It describes the shape of a noun.

Example:(square, round, hollow, regular, irregular etc.  )
  • We have a round dining table.



Adjective of Size: 

It describes the size of a noun.

Example: (big, small, broad, bulky, tinny, thin etc.  )
  • They live in a big house.



Adjective of Colour:

It describes the colours of a noun. 

Example: (All Colour names)
  • She bought a red dress.

Gradable Adjectives: 

These are the adjectives we can make degrees of e.g. good, tall, dull, small, slow etc.


Non-Gradable Adjectives:

These are the adjectives we cannot make a degree of e.g. pointed, plastic, wooden, electrical etc.


Possessive Adjectives:


They are formed with possessive Adjectives + some nouns. Basically, they are derived from pronouns but they are used as adjectives to show the possession of any noun. 


Example: 

1. He gave me his book.

2. She took out her pen.

3. This is our house.

4. They told their homes.


Demonstrative Adjectives: 

The words like this, that, these and those are called demonstrative adjectives. They demonstrate the noun.


Example: 

1. This boy stands first in the class.

2. These children make a lot of noise.

3. That girl told a lie

4. Those boys were absent yesterday.



Interrogative Adjective:

The interrogative pronouns which can take a noun with them are called interrogative adjectives when they are used in a single sentence.


Example: 

  • Whose book is this? 
  • Which pen is yours? 
  • What book are you reading?


Relative Adjectives: 

They are the same as interrogative adjectives but they are used in two clauses.


Example: 

1. He asked me which book I had bought.

2. He asked me the whose bag that was.




Test No. 1:

Q: Put the following adjectives in the correct boxes.

intelligent     large    black    few      round    American 

Chinese         oval     one       short   truthful  yellow

 

Ans:

Adjective of Quality

Adjective of shape

Adjective of colour

Adjective of Origin

Adjective of Size

Adjective of Quantity

intelligent

oval

black

American

large

few

truthful

round

yellow

Chinese

short

one



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Easy English Grammar Notes

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